Everything about Challenger Expedition totally explained
The
Challenger Expedition was a scientific expedition that made many discoveries to lay the foundation of
oceanography.
Prompted by the
Scot,
Charles Wyville Thomson - of the
University of Edinburgh and
Merchiston Castle School - the
Royal Society of London obtained the use of a ship,
HMS Challenger, from the
Royal Navy and, between
1870 and
1872, modified it for scientific work, equipping it with separate laboratories for
natural history and
chemistry.
The ship, commanded by Captain
George Nares, sailed from
Portsmouth,
England, on
December 21,
1872. Under the scientific supervision of Thomson himself it traveled nearly 70,000 miles surveying and exploring. The result was the
Report Of The Scientific Results of the Exploring Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873-76 which, among many other discoveries, catalogued 4,000 previously unknown species of animal.
John Murray, who supervised the publication, described the report as "the greatest advance in the knowledge of our planet since the celebrated discoveries of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries".
The Challenger Expedition also led to the discovery of new information for oceanography at the time. Some of the findings of the trek are 127500 km covered during the expedition, 492 deep sea soundings, 133 bottom dredges, 151 open water trawls, 263 serial water temperature observations, and about 4717 new species of marine life were discovered. The written records of the Challenger Expedition are now stored in the
Dove Marine Laboratory in
Cullercoats, Tyne and Wear, UK.
The
Space Shuttle Challenger was named after HMS
Challenger(External Link
).
Further Information
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